How to Use a Fire Extinguisher

A fire extinguisher is an important tool to have on hand in the event of a fire. However, it is a tool that needs to be properly maintained and used only when it is appropriate for the fire type. Fires can grow rapidly and a fire extinguisher should be used only when it is safe to do so and the fire has not grown out of control. If it is determined that a fire cannot be put out using an extinguisher, evacuate the area immediately and call the fire department.

Before using a fire extinguisher, make sure that it is the right kind for the type of fire. It is also essential that you know exactly how to use it in the event of an emergency. When using an extinguisher, remember the acronym PASS: pull, aim, squeeze and sweep. Remember to keep an exit at your back, and stand 6-8 feet away from the fire. Pull the pin located in between the nozzle and the handle to activate the pressurized fire extinguishing agent. Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire and continuously move it across the fire until it appears extinguished.

For Class A fires, choose a water, dry chemical or carbon dioxide extinguisher with a label that reads Class A. These contain a mixture of water and a chemical that absorbs the moisture in the air, preventing oxygen from reaching the fire. This method of extinguishing a fire is very effective for ordinary wood, paper and cloth fires.

If a fire is fueled by flammable liquids, choose a dry chemical extinguisher with a label of Class B. These contain a mixture of sodium potassium bicarbonate, urea potassium dicarbonate, and potassium chloride that prevents the fuel from burning by excluding the oxygen. A multipurpose extinguisher can be used on Class A, Class B, and Class C fires.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) extinguishers are good for fires involving flammable liquids, such as gasoline or oil and electrical equipment such as computer monitors. This extinguishing agent is a compressed gas that works by displacing the oxygen in the air and interrupting the chain reaction of combustion. These are very practical for offices, as they do not damage the electrical items in the office.

When it comes time to inspect your fire extinguisher, be sure that it is not blocked by any furniture or other items that would limit access during an emergency. Also be sure that the pressure is at the recommended level and that all parts are working properly. It is also a good idea to shake dry chemical extinguishers once a month to prevent the powder from compacting and to keep them in good working condition. Lastly, check your evacuation path before every fire. You should always have a clear escape route behind you in the event that the fire grows out of control before you can finish fighting it. This way, you can leave the area without risking your life and you will be able to call for help from outside the building.